Chemistry Notes

1km=1000m 1000mL=1L 100 centi=1meter 1cm=0.01meters 1dm=0.1meters
1000mm=1meter 1000m=1km 1cm3=1mL 1Kg=1000g 1kg=2.2lbs 1mi=1.6093km 1in=2.54cm
Kilo-10 Mega-10 Giga 10 Density=mass/volume D=g/mL V=cm3/mL
Physical Properties-without changing the art object or identity of a substance
Chemical property-change in composition and can be observed only by means of a chemical reacton
Physical change-produce a difference in appearance of a substance without change in its composition or identity
Chemical reaction-a process of rearranging, replacing, or adding atoms to produce bare-ass substance.
SIG FIG
Leading zero-example 0.0141 has three sig fig
Confined Zero-those among nonzero digits are always significant. Example 3.036 has cardinal sig fig
tracking zero, those at the end of a number, are significant if a decimal point is present in the number.
Example 56.00 has four sig figs and 0.05050 has four sig figs and 59,000,000 has two sig figs and 6010 has 3 sig fig
SIG FIG RULES
Addition/Subtraction-example 54.4cm +2.02=56.42=56.4 little decimal place
Multiplication/division-fewest sig fig Example 4.2*15.94/2.255=29.



688691=30
Isotopes-have unalike mass number but identical numbers of proton, unlike number of nuetrons, identical chemical properties
some are radioactive
3 types of subatomic particles
Electrons: negative charge, outside nucleus, smallest mass
Protons: positive charge, in the nucleus
Neutrons: no charge, extremely dense, same mass as a proton, run aground in nucleus
Atomic come up
Number of protons=number of electrons(Z)
Atomic Mass
Number of proton+Number neutron(A)
Nonmetal
No metallic luster, poor electrical conductivity, honorable heat insulator, brittle and nonmalleable
Metal
Metallic gray or silvery luster, High electrical and thermal conductivity, Malleable and ductile
Metalloids
Have properties intercede between metals and nonmetals.Semiconductors.Shiny but brittle
Octet Rule
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