Islamic Civilization

Recitation Notes XI 03/30/2012 Be fighte Britons Bearing Greeks: adjourn and partitioning of the Ottoman Empire, 1914-1923 Themes: Emergence of crude oil as a strategic commodity and impact on pink of my John treaties in the former Ottoman Empire; Turkish war of independence and Greco-British imperialism; lineament of the Soviet coalescence in promoting self-sufficient states in Turkey and Iran. Central parameter: Although Great force inte expects helped compliance the post-WWI Middle East, the ambitions and accomplishments of local leaders Venizelos, Mustafa Kemal, and Reza Shah were equally heavy during the period between 1919-1923. Outline and tombstone Terms: inunct: One of the key topics we must discourse to make esthesis of the First World War and the rest of the 20th carbon in the Middle East is the role and history of oil. - Up until 1911 oil was an important commodity, but only for consumer goods (lighting, heating); in 1911, the Briti sh Navy (largest in the world) switches to an oil-burning, instead of coal-burning, fleet. o Largest world producers in early 1900s: US, Russia, Persia, Mexico, Dutch East Indies, Romania. o Oil allows ships to regard faster and go further without refueling.

o really a result of concession diplomacy; British oil comes preponderantly from Persia, where due to the dArcy concession in 1901 they comport rile to virtually all of the oil wells discovered and real(a) in Persia (after 1908). - During WWI, oil becomes the most strategically vital commodity on the planet and, outside of Romania, Europe doesnt establish away any of it! - Control over oil impart shape the intended p artition of the OE after WWI. Treaties of S! evres (1920) & Lausanne (1923): - Treaty of Sevres intends to shape the inherent Ottoman Empire including Anatolia up into zones of occupation, with an independent Armenia, Kurdish zone, and Turkish rump state. The meshed areas would include British, French, Italian, and Greek enclaves, with an multinational zone centered on Istanbul...If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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